Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Literature Review - Essay ExampleEvery year, companies incur a lot of undue cost just because of the listlessness of employees despite the thoughtfully constructed public presentation appraisal administrations in place. This paper explores reasons why performance appraisal systems may not be the best way to justice an employees abilities by conducting a thorough analysis of the workers needs and the various factors that influence their competence in the workplace. A lot of studies have conventionally been through with(p) to identify the factors affecting workers performance. However, this review will be limited to the discussion about the validity of performance appraisal systems. A lot of factors influence a workers performance that include but are not limited to job satisfaction, job security, allowances offered at the job, measure of work, duration of work, relationship with peers, organisational structure, organizational culture, social interaction, accommodation, associati on with family and distance from the family. These and umteen other factors like them have a great impact on the motivation of a worker. The performance of a worker is fundamentally governed by his/her competence. Therefore, in order to study the impact of appraisal on the performance of an case-by-case, it is customary to study the factors that influence the individuals competence. According to Stern and Kemp (2004), competency is the product of an individuals skill, motivation and personality traits. Various theories have been proposed at different points in time to identify the factors that play a decisive role in motivating an individual in the workplace. One of such theories that is discussed most frequently is the Maslows power structure of Needs theory. The Maslows Hierarchy of Needs theory, as the name implies, consists of a set of needs that are staged in order of priority. The following plot depicts all stages that accommodate the hierarchical order of needs identified by Maslow Maslows Hierarchy of Needs (Chapman, 2010). There are basically five stages of needs. The biologic and physiological needs which include such things as air, water and food form the most basic needs. Life is not possible without the fulfillment of these needs. following come the safety needs. All humans need safety and protection. Unless their safety is ensured, workers can not put in their best effort because of the resulting psychological upsets. In the present age, job security has become a big problem all over the world. Because of the economic recession, employees are being fired in titanic numbers and the companies are being down sized. This is a potential threat to the safety of workers, so performance appraisals can not be considered valid system for the assessment of the workers capabilities with such job insecurity. After getting secure, a worker wants his love and belongingness needs fulfilled. Quite often, people have to live away from their hearth because o f work, and hence, do not get a chance to meet the family quite often. Many employees try to fulfill their love and belongingness needs by interacting with the colleagues. However, not many are successful because all employees share common interests in the context of an organization, and hence, many develop grudges particularly as one of the employees gains more status and satisfy as